Empress Cixi

Empress Dowager Tzi shi, also known as empress cixi is the empress of the Qing dynasty in China. She was a powerful and charismatic woman who unofficially but effectively controlled the Manchu Qing dynasty in China for 47 years, from 1861 to her death in 1908. Empress cixi is one of the most cruel ruler in ancient China. Cixi used martyrdom to attract the Emporers attention, she obeyed everything the Emporer demanded and sometimes, she served the emporer on her own accord, furthurmore, Cixi is the only one of the many wives and concubines emporer xianfeng has who bore a son, thus she is very favoured by Emporer Xianfeng.


After the son was born, Emporer Xianfeng immediately ranked Cixi as a secondary consort . However, Emporer Xianfeng died at the age of 30 and Cixi became the empress and her son, Tong zhi, became the Emporer when he was only 5 years old.



As the empress, and her son, Emperor Tong Zhi is too young to rule the nation, she was the head of the nation. However, she is very cruel, merciless and corrupted. Under her rule, the Qing Dynasty grew more and more corrupt and its power began to dwindle as h mpress usually put her own interests ahead of the nation's. She squandered money on banquets, jewels, and other luxuries. She liked, for example, to be served 150 different dishes at a single banquet. She drank from a jade cup and ate with golden chopsticks. She used Navy funds to build herself a lavish summer palace. At the end of her life, her personal jewellery vault held 3,000 ebony boxes of jewels. She also let financial corruption run rampant in the Forbidden City.



 When Tong zhi fell in love with Xiao zhe yi when he was older and wanted to rank Xiao Zhe yi as empress.  Empress Cixi was furious as Empress Xiao zhe yi will take over her place and power, but instead of denying her son,  she decided to play a martyr. When her son, Tong zhi came to discuss with her, she immediately agreed and even praised xiao zhe yi as having tender heart filled with filial piety and even said that she would be the most talented ruler of the Qing dynasty if she became an empress. Thus, Xiao zheyi became Cixi's daughter-in-law. When Empress Cixi returned to her palace which is six miles away fom the forbidden city, She immediately ordered all Xiao zheyis food supplies to be cut, thus Empress Xiao zheyi died of starvation. Emporer Tongzhi soon died of small pox when he was 16 and Guangxu became the next emporer when he was only 3 years old.


When Guangxu was old enough to rule the nation, she had no choice but to hand over her power to Guangxu. However, she got her power back through playing martyrdom. When she gave up her power infront of him, she said that he will be a better emporer and she constantly reminded the people to obey and respect the emporer and she also said that she will remain loyal to him . However, when she returned to her palace , she spread rumours that the emporer was childlike and incompetent. Her rumours even made the emporer fear her. When Empress Cixi returned to the forbidden city, Emporer Guangxu threw himself on the ground and said, 'I am unworthy to rule. Punish me, as I deserve.' She then locked Emporer Guangxu up and executed all his servents who were constantly reminded by her to obey and respect the emporer.


finally, Empress Dowager Cixi caused the decline of the Qing Dynasty because she was greedy for power

Science(waves)

Waves are everywhere . Most of the things we do and hear are from waves such as sound waves. They are needed to bring in entertaiments such as musics, allows you to communicate with others, and warn you of danger, for example a honk of a car can warn you of a presence of a car. Light waves are also important as it allow us to see things as for example, you can only see a blue ball with light waves. could you imagine a world without waves? Yes,  although there are disadvantages of waves such as water waves like the Tsunami and tidal waves which had caused alot of death each year. However, the benefits of waves outweighs the disadvantages of waves. As waves such as Electromagnetic waves are very benefitable to the human race. For example, the Gamma rays, X-ray , microwave ,Ultra-violet radiation and radio waves. Without Gamma rays, people who suffers deadly diseases, such as cancer, will suffer painfully and die earlier without the use of it. Also, X-ray is needed by doctors to examine the patient internally to find injuries, for examples, broken bones. It would be much more complicated to figure out bone injuries without it.The microwave is also very important as we use it to cook or reheat our food . Without microwaves, people will be eating raw food. Although ultra vioolet- rays are harmful to our bodies and can cause sunburn which ultimately leads to skin disease if exposed to too much ultra violet rays, it is very much needed as it assists our bodies in making vitamin D, which strengthens our bones and immune systems and protect us from deadly diseases such as colon cancer and Rickets. Thus, preventing us from contracting deadly diseases.  Radio waves are also important , as it is a form of far distance communications, for example, vedio calls and handphone calls all require radio waves. Infra waves are also important, as it be used for cooking, it is also the main source of heat. In fact, it is the heat we feel from the sunlight,heat from a cooking pot during cooking. Therefore, although waves can cause harm to the living, it is very important as it provides life to the living too. Can you imagine a world without waves? Yes, there will be no natural disasters, however, there will be no life, too , as we are unable see witout light waves, we will be unable to hear without sound waves, we wont be able to recieve treatment without Gamma and X-rays. We wont be able to cook and reheat without microwave. Without ultra violet-rays, we will be more prone to diseases such as Colon cancer and Rickets. We complain everyday, that Tsunamis and Tidal waves take lifes. However, things are not so bad if we are able to complain, imagine a world without waves. We dont even have the time to complain. People our generation wants everything to be perfect. We will say something is bad as long as they have bad points. But have we ever thought about their good points, for example, waves? Yes they kill, but without them, do you think there will be life? Therefore, with the stated evidence, this proves that waves are not onlyuseful, but one of the main things that allows life to exist.




 Questions.
1) Is it possible to reduce the disadvantages of waves for example, making X-Ray safe and one can do as many times as they want.
2) Is there waves in space, excluding sound waves?
3)Is it possible for waves to be destroyed ?
4)Are there waves that are neither transverse or longitudinal?


Learning points.
1)Although waves has its disadvantages, however, it is important for waves to exist.
2)Benefits of waves outnumbers the disadvantages of waves.
3)Waves that benefits us are mainly Electronmagnetic waves, while waves that causes us disadvantages are mainly Water waves.
4)Waves that enable us to hear are sound waves, waves that enable us to see are light waves, waves that are used inhospitals are X-ray and Gamma rays, waves that enable us to feel heat are infrared waves, waves that provides us with vitamin D are ultra violet-rays.



Useful websites.
1)http://www.lcse.umn.edu/specs/labs/waves/apps_to_everday.html
2)http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090317041956AAGuvMl
3)http://www.wisegeek.com/what-are-uv-rays.htm
4)http://www.gemini.edu/public/infrared.html
5)http://science.hq.nasa.gov/kids/imagers/ems/infrared.html
Not so useful websites.
1)http://www.savethewaves.org/wave_importance
2)http://wiki.answers.com/Q/Why_are_waves_important